Monday, 7 May 2018

Karstic fantastic

The orchid season is in full swing and several species can be found blooming together on dry Karstic grasslands. Late summer migrants such as Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio and Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus have returned to their breeding grounds and can be easily seen and heard. Meanwhile the woodpeckers we are following, close to our home are now incubating the eggs and are rather quiet. Here is some of the wildlife we found during the last week in the Karst around Sežana and Divača.

Hoopoe Upupa epops - most migrants are now over and only the breeding individuals remain here and there. Pairs will be busy with egg incubation now.

Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus - we observed an aerial interaction between 3 birds, when a pair was driving an intruder away from its breeding site.

Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio - they are back in good numbers.

Wryneck Jynx torquilla - singing on the top of the fence post.

Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius - female checking the surroundings of its nest.

Morimus funereus ("Beech Longhorn Beetle") - a longhorn beetle of deciduous forests that needs fresh dead trees to lay its eggs. Widespread in Slovenia's forests, but nevertheless a Natura 2000 species. Always a nice find!

Marsh Fritillary Euphydryas aurinia - widespread but vulnerable species, found on a variety of rich meadows. It is the most colourful among the fritillaries.

Military Orchid Orchis militaris - just coming into bloom.

Lady Orchid Orchis purpurea - one of the most imposing of the Slovenian orchids.

Burnt-tip Orchid Neotinea ustulata - growing together with the Military Orchids 
(they have the same flowering period).

Early-purple Orchid Orchis mascula

Narrow-leaved Helleborine Cephalanthera longifolia - almost at the end of their blooming in the Karst; now they are being replaced by the scarcer White Helleborines C. damasonium.

Dry karstic grassland in full bloom with: Matted Globularia Globularia cordifolia, Common Globularia Globularia punctata, Nice Milkwort Polygala nicaeensis, Green-winged Orchid Anacamptis morio & Mountain Pasquefower Pulsatilla montana.

Wild Peony Paeonia officinalis - adorning light oak woodlands and forest clearings in good numbers.


Thursday, 3 May 2018

WILD SLOVENIA TOUR - report

What a tour! The 5 days spent at the end of April in the Notranjska region have been some of the most wildlife-packed of all times! The aim of the tour was to see the typical bird & mammal species inhabiting the Dinaric forests, wetlands and meadows of the Cerknica lake, Snežnik, Javorniki and Loški Potok. We were glad to accompany a small group of excellent Italian birders and trying hard to show them all the special wildlife of this truly unspoilt areas. We succeeded pretty well with all of our targets and even had a few extra surprises. Below are the highlights, while a full trip report (in Italian, with bird check-list also in English) can be found here.
Wolf Canis lupus (pics by Alberto Nevola). Certainly the rarest encounter of all! This individual crossed the forest road, some 50 meters in front of our car, not far from the western shores of lake Cerknica. It then slowly moved away from us, but still allowing us to take a few photos, before vanishing forever into the forest. Such encounters are very rare in Slovenia, as very few people have ever seen a wild Wolf by day!

Brown Bear Ursus arctos - the above young male was spotted close to a forest road in the Javorniki mountains (and showed really well), while two days later, we surprised another 2 Bears (mum & cub) on a road on the northern slopes of mount Snežnik. A total of 3 bears in 5 days... not something that happens frequently to us!

Wildcat Felis silvestris - same individual observed on two consecutive days, hunting on a forest glade near Loški Potok (both times observed from the car, along a main road!).

Ural Owl Strix uralensis - showing well, close to the forest road in the Javorniki mountains. The group had superb views, also through the scope (first pic above is "phone-scoped"). Another Ural Owl was heard singing in the forests of Loški Potok.

Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus - female observed "ringing" a silver fir Abies alba in the Javorniki mountains, while 2 days later, a male was found in the forests of Snežnik. Both birds showed very well.

White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos - a drumming male in the Snežnik forests, close to where a potential occupied nest-hole was found. 

Watching the White-backed Woodpecker, as well as a singing male Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis - a probable breeder in the area (rare in the Dinaric mountains).

Black Stork Ciconia nigra - soaring above the forest on Javorniki. This species was observed on an almost daily basis on the wet meadows of the Cerknica lake.

Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria - a pair holding territory in the scrubby meadows near Pivka.

Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio - good numbers returned to their breeding sites in Notranjska during the week.
Meadows and scrubland in the Pivka area - habitat of the Barred Warbler & Red-backed Shrike.
Mahaleb Cherry Prunus mahaleb is in full bloom.

White Stork Ciconia ciconia - one of the 3 nesting pairs in the villages around lake Cerknica.
Tau Emperor Aglia tau - a very common sight along forest roads at daylight, but very rarely seen at rest.

Cuckoo Cuculus canorus - a showy male observed in an oak woodland in the Karst (one of the several we had on a daily basis around the forests).

Red Deer Cervus elaphus - 3 young males running around a meadow in the middle of the day (Karst).

Wild Peony Paeonia officinalis - in full bloom in light Karstic woodlands and forest edges.

Stemless Gentian Gentiana clusii - a common sight along Spring Gentians Gentiana verna ssp. tergestina on the dry meadows on the south-western slopes of mount Snežnik.

Spring colours of the Dinaric forests, on the south-western slopes of Snežnik.

The north-eastern side of mount Snežnik (1796 m), still partly covered by snow.

The Stržen stream running through the Cerknica lake and the Javorniki hills in the back.

Wet meadows by the Cerknica lake and the forests of mount Snežnik (the top is just visible in the far distance).

Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid Dactylorhiza majalis - just beginning to flower on the wet meadows of the Cerknica lake.

Summer Snowflake Leucojum aestivum - in bloom on wet meadows by the Cerknica lake.

Bird Cherry Prunus padus - very common at the edges of wet woodlands and streams by the Cerknica lake.


At the end, we rounded up with a check-list of 120 species. Some of the other noteworthy species we didn't mention above were: Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus, Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena, Hoopoe Upupa epops, Wryneck Jynx torquilla, Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus, Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius, Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius, Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus, Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus, White-winged Black Tern Chlidonias leucopterus, Merlin Falco columbarius, Bee-eater Merops apiaster, Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus, Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides, Bittern Botaurus stellaris, Cattle Egret Bubulcus Ibis, Goshawk Accipiter gentilis, Osprey Pandion haliaetus and Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus.

For more about the wildlife of the Dinaric mountains, check the page on our  main site: 

Tuesday, 24 April 2018

Bear-watching & chocolate Ural Owls

Yesterday we were again at work in the Dinaric forests. In the morning we had to check a set of nestboxes for Ural Owl Strix uralensis, while in the afternoon we had a more leisurely time, accompanying some clients at a bear-watching session in the hides (see slovenianbears.com). After about 4 hours of waiting, a beautiful mother Brown Bear Ursus arctos and her cub silently appeared, as if by magic! It was around sunsent and light was fading fast, but we still managed to take a couple of shots and a series of videos. The bears remained in front of the hide for about half an hour, right until a Tawny Owl Strix aluco started to sing, announcing the descend of night.
Brown Bear Ursus arctos - adult female.
Brown Bear Ursus arctos - cub.
Brown Bear Ursus arctos - both adult mum and cub. Funny moment at min 0:27, when a Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus drums overhead and the bear gets slightly scared!


The morning was also very productive. Out of 10 nestboxes checked, one was occupied by a Ural Owl Strix uralensis. As the bird was probably incubating the eggs, we left the area quickly and didn't take any pics. But fortunately we had other Ural Owls to enjoy. We were lucky to observe again the melanistic individual that we already had at the beginning of April (see post), as well as to find a second dark-coloured individual. A local ornithologist told us that 10% of the Ural Owls of this region are melanistic. Moreover we also saw 3 of the commoner, light/grey-coloured individuals. Of the other birds we had Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius, Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus, Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes and Peregrine Falco peregrinus.
As usual there was a nice supporting cast of forest flora, among which Scopolia carniolica was the most interesting find (found only at one site). The forest floor by now is literally carpeted by Blue-eyed Mary Omphalodes verna and the leaves of beech Fagus sylvatica have turned to their beautiful light-green colour.
Ural Owl Strix uralensis - melanistic bird (the same featured in this post).
Ural Owl Strix uralensis - grey-morph bird.
Scopolia carniolica
Blue-eyed Mary Omphalodes verna
Morning view on the northern slopes of Mt. Snežnik (1796 m).

In a few days we'll be back to Notranjska for a tour, so hopefully more interesting updates to come. A busy season is about to begin, so expect shorter posts and a greater activity with photos on Facebook. See you soon!